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原文在这里，新华社太无耻了
http://economictimes.indiatimes. ... cleshow/7176767.cms
WASHINGTON: Facing a job crunch at home, more US citizens are heading to Australia where nearly 7,000 Americans are currently working on long-term visas, an 80 per cent jump over the past five years.
US citizens are now the third-largest group applying for work visas, after British and Indian nationals, the Wall Street Journal said, quoting Australian government data.
Near-10 per cent unemployment at home drives more Americans to look for jobs Down Under, where China's thirst for iron ore and energy is transforming the Pacific nation into an economic powerhouse, the report said.
Daniel Davila, a 23-year-old timber floorer from California who has been working at a grocery store, said that on a good day, he makes as much as 50 Australian dollars ($50.21) an hour - about twice the usual rate for the job in the US.
"I can make what I did in a week in the US in less than a day here," Davila, who lives near the mining boom town of Perth, was quoted as saying.
Americans with degrees in areas such as accounting or mine engineering as well as other skilled workers can obtain a non-renewable permit for as much as a three-year stay. After that, they can apply for the renewable 457 work visa, which grants up to a four-year stay.
The number of US students in Australian universities has also jumped nearly 10 per cent in the past two years, after declining steadily for the previous decade, according to the Australian Department of Immigration.
The uptick comes as the resources boom has pushed the Australian dollar up 45 per cent against the US dollar over the same period, making it even more expensive for Americans to study there.
For Americans like Garrett Mclaughlin, the opportunities outweigh the difficulties. The 29-year-old moved to Sydney to study for a master's degree in business administration.
"It's hard to ignore that Australia seems to be going one way and America the opposite," said Mclaughlin.
Luring skilled workers is a shift for Australia, which historically sent many of its most highly educated to the US and Europe, the daily said, quoting migration data.
However, according to the latest data released by the US Census Bureau, about 45,000 native Americans move abroad annually. Close to 250,000 foreign-born residents of the US leave the country each year as well.
The data also shows more than 1.1 million foreigners migrated to the US in 2010, while about 377,000 foreigners moved to Australia this year and 471,000 last year.
According to Australia's labour law, the longer-term visa hopefuls must be sponsored by a company with visas for in-demand jobs, such as nurses, builders and engineers, and prove they meet Australia's demandingcriteria.
"The real critical issue for delivering all this infrastructure Australia needs is skilled labour, particularly out west," in mining regions, said Shane Lee, senior economist at Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Ltd.
Lee estimates the country needs to spend about $600 billion on infrastructure over the next six years, creating even more demand for such jobs.
http://cn.wsj.com/gb/20101228/bus160015.asp?source=whatnews2
澳大利亚的经济繁荣正在催生一股以找工作为目的前往澳洲的稳定客流，这批人的来源地出人意料，他们来自美国。
Silver Trowel
来自Silver Trowel的砌砖学徒（戴棒球帽）在西澳大利亚一处工地学习。西澳大利亚的用工需求尤其旺盛。
美国接近10%的失业率正推动更多的美国人前往澳大利亚寻找工作，因此前往澳洲的美国人虽然现在数量还不多，但却在不断增长。得益于中国对铁矿石和能源的渴求，澳大利亚经济正在强劲增长。
23岁的戴维拉(Daniel Davila)是来自加州Camarillo的一名木地板铺设工，这座洛杉矶郊区的小镇深受加州住房市场萧条之苦，他两年前坐了14小时飞机跨越太平洋来到澳大利亚。在美国时由于得不到铺设木地板的工作，他曾被迫在当地一家杂货店干给货架上货的工作，每小时工资只有8.90美元。
而目前在澳大利亚，如果赶上生意好，他每小时最多能挣50澳元(合50.21美元)，这大约是美国铺地板工作通常每小时工资的两倍。戴维拉计划创立自己的木地板铺设企业。
他说，我在澳大利亚不到一天挣的钱能赶上我在美国一周挣的。戴维拉居住在西澳大利亚繁荣的矿业城市珀斯附近。
澳大利亚政府公布的数据显示，目前有将近7,000名美国人持长期签证在澳大利亚工作，这一数字过去五年中跃升了80%。美国公民目前是申请澳大利亚所谓457工作签证的第三大群体，仅次于英国人和印度人。拥有会计或矿业工程等学位的美国人以及美国其他有一技之长的人，可获准在澳大利亚最长停留三年，签证到期后不可续延。如果他们签证期满后还想继续停留，可申请能够续延的457签证，获签一次可在澳大利亚停留四年。
西澳大利亚的用工需求尤其旺盛。这个以采矿业为主的州今年11月份的失业率为4.5%，低于澳大利亚全国5.2%的水平。招工人员说，重型卡车驾驶员在这里能挣六位数的工资，熟练的起重机操作员每年能挣几十万元。
目前每年移入美国的外国人仍比移出美国的人多得多。美国人口普查局(Census Bureau)12月初发布的最新估测数据显示，目前每年只有约45,000名土生土长的美国人迁往国外。每年还有将近25万名外国出生的美国居民离开美国。人口普查局还估测，2010年有110多万名外国人移民到美国。今年约有37.7万名外国人迁往澳大利亚，去年是47.1万。
澳大利亚的劳动法并没有为美国人在澳工作创造宽松条件。戴维拉估计，从他向澳大利亚的中等专业学校支付费用以便获得在澳大利亚从事木地板铺设工作所需的职业资格，到获得适当的在澳工作签证，他在澳大利亚已花费了约4万美元。那些希望较长期457工作签证的外国人必须有一家澳大利亚公司作保，这家公司需有从海外引进护士、建筑工人和工程师等澳大利亚所需劳工的签证名额，并能证明所保的这名外国人符合澳大利亚的用工标准。
鉴于澳大利亚人口只有相对不多的2,200万，而经济增长又产生了技能缺口，澳大利亚需要外来移民。澳新银行(Australia & New Zealand Banking Group Ltd.)的资深经济学家谢恩•李(Shane Lee)说，澳大利亚要完成所需基础设施的建设，至关重要的是引进熟练工人，在澳洲西部的采矿业聚集区尤其如此。他估计澳大利亚未来六年需斥资约6,000亿美元进行基础设施建设，这将产生更大的用工需求。
Geoffrey Rogow
[ 本帖最后由 wulinxiaoxiao 于 2010-12-28 20:19 编辑 ] |
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