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被广泛使用的维生素可能会增加死亡的风险。
昨天，在Achives of Internal Medicine上发表了一项长达18年的研究，有39000位美国女性参与了这项研究。研究结果表明，补充铁剂的女性死亡率增加4%。其他服用多种维生素，叶酸，B6，锰，锌的人群都有更高的死亡率。只有钙的服用在整个研究期间降低了死亡率。
COMMONLY used dietary supplements, including multivitamins, do not extend the life of older women and may increase their risk of death, a major study has found.
An 18-year study of almost 39,000 US women, published yesterday in the Archives of Internal Medicine, found that women taking iron supplements had a 4 per cent increased mortality risk.
Those taking other supplements, including multivitamins, folic acid, vitamin B6, magnesium and zinc, also had a higher mortality risk. Calcium was the only supplement linked to a decreased risk of dying throughout the study period. The researchers, from the University of Eastern Finland and the University of Minnesota, said the study raised concerns about the long-term safety of supplements.
''Based on existing evidence, we see little justification for the general and widespread use of dietary supplements,'' they said.
They recommended that they only be used ''with strong medically based cause''.
Women were recruited for the study in 1986, at an average age of 62, and surveyed about their supplement use that year and again in 1997 and 2004.
About 40 per cent of the women (15,594) died in the course of the study. Those taking supplements were more likely to have healthy lifestyles, including being non-smokers, having low-fat diets and exercising.
Researchers said it was possible the increased mortality rate for women taking iron was caused by underlying illnesses, but said they could find no evidence to support that theory.
Emeritus Professor Mark Wahlqvist, founding director of the Asia Pacific Health and Nutrition Centre, at Monash University, said the study ''adds to growing concern'' about the safety of supplements. University of Queensland public health researcher Jon Wardle said there were risks associated with any medicine, despite a misapprehension that supplements were safe.
''If you take statins and you don't have cholesterol problems, they don't do anything, and, in fact, could have side-effects,'' he said. ''I think it's the same with some of these supplements.
''There's a perception among a lot of people that more is better, but these things have a therapeutic dose. A lot of people are probably over-medicating themselves.''
Nutritionist Rosemary Stanton said people needed to know what they were doing when taking supplements, and only take them for a reason.
Professor Wahlqvist said the safest way to achieve the best nutrient intake was from food, and recommended maintaining a diverse diet.
http://www.theage.com.au/lifesty ... 20111011-1lj3u.html |
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