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本帖最后由 cnmlgbd 于 2017-6-28 17:22 编辑
回复论坛一个关于家里潮湿如何解决的帖子,突然想到这个问题,开个科普贴,希望对大家有用。on Piers,房子下面都是柱子,柱子上面搭sleepers,整个房子的承重通过sleepers均匀的分散传导到piers上。房子下面可以进人。 on Slabs 是浇筑一大块水泥,然后房子建在水泥板上。
公司好友,50多岁,运营经理,本地白人,除了自己的大宅(自己设计监造)还有4处投资房,跟常见的日光鬼佬相比算是颇有积蓄。刚刚计划买房的时候好友给我提供大量建议,受益良多。最早也是他提及探讨on Piers 和 on Slabs的问题。我初次听到piers, eaves, antcaps这些建筑名词时一脸懵逼。
on Piers的好处:空气交换好,防潮。可以进人,进行水电作业,维修、加建厕所厨房、加电源水龙头,改墙等 renovation 相关的工作成本低(flood zone 除外)。如地基出现问题便于维修(由于沉降不均匀等原因,尤其是新建地基出现损坏很常见)。在斜地上建房节省挡土墙及平地成本。
on Piers的坏处:需要更多人工,周期长,造价高。如果在高寒地区,裸露的管路容易冻结/冻损(悉尼,墨尔本都冷不到这个程度),室内地面更凉。地板可能弯曲,开裂。(我装修的时候在原地板上铺了新地板,加了underlay,隔热很好。拆掉旧地毯后没有发现原地板有开裂。现在也很流行打磨原地板。旧房子原地板大多是硬木好料,打磨后很漂亮,但是隔热不好,因为原地板主要是为了承重,而且为避免走在上面的咯吱声,故意留有缝隙,打磨刷漆成本和装新复合板没有什么区别)。门前经常有台阶(因为架高),老人或残障人士不便。
on Slabs的好处:便宜,工期短。天冷管道也不会冻结。
on Slabs的坏处:因为管道和电路管是浇筑在水泥地面里的,做任何维修、改动或走新的电线都需刨开水泥,然后再封合,成本高。浇筑地基经常开裂(同样由于沉降不均匀,on piers的房子因为sleeper是木质的,有flexibility。水泥没有,只好裂开)。地基损坏后维修成本高。
我当时买房的原则是location, location, location。用 budget 尽可能拿一块位置好,地大的物业。房子可以小,可以旧。到手后先翻新。以后有需要推倒重建。上文好友建议我买on Piers。目前房子已经装翻新完,内部全部重做+小改结构,因为on Piers,翻新成本节约20%以上。
华丽丽的分割线,下面是抄pro & con的英文原帖,引自“houspect.com.au”
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Houses on Piers:
Pros: In flood-prone areas or those in which excessive moisture is an issue, raised foundations and houses on piers can provide necessary airflow which prevents moisture damage. The elevation of the piers can keep the first level of the home from being reached by high water in a flood zone. In areas where flooding is not a serious concern, pier and beam foundations allow access to the space beneath subfloors for duct work, wiring and plumbing. Future remodelling may be easier due to this ease of access, as can some foundation repair projects in the event of damage. Properties with steep grades or other topographical traits which present a complication for new construction may not need extensive retaining wall work or levelling. This can make building a new home on a slightly impractical piece of property a bit more feasible.
Cons: Because houses on piers take longer to build and are typically more labour intensive than those of comparable size on slabs or other foundation types, they also tend to be more expensive to construct. During colder seasons in areas with less temperate climates, pipes may be more likely to freeze and floor surfaces can easily become cold to the touch. Sagging and creaking floors are not uncommon in houses built on piers. For residents or visitors with compromised mobility, climbing stairs to gain entry to your home may present a challenge.
Houses on Slabs:
Pros: Houses on slabs feature the simplest and fastest type of foundation to build in most cases, so they tend to be a bit less expensive than those on more complicated options. Pipes for plumbing are installed inside the slab, so won’t freeze in areas prone to low temperatures.
Cons: One of the primary concerns about houses on slabs happens to be the opposite side of a “pro” coin: plumbing is installed within the floor, so it’s more difficult and more expensive to perform repairs. Slab foundations can be prone to cracking, and houses on slabs are more expensive to repair if the foundation should fail. |
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