抛砖引玉：维州firearm safety code 枪支安全手册 翻译

nbnbren

想买枪，故学习之，英语差，故翻译之，汉语也差，故上网求各位大虾指正之 多谢多谢

nbnbren

SECTION ONE: What you must know about firearms 6
1) The ten basic rules 6
The ten basic rules explained 6
Rule 1: Treat every firearm as loaded 7
Rule 2: Always point firearms in a safe direction 7
Rule 3: Load a firearm only when ready to fire 8
Rule 4: Identify your target beyond all doubt 9
Rule 5: Check your firing zone 11
Rule 6: Store firearms and ammunition safely 13
Rule 7: Avoid alcohol and drugs when handling firearms 15
Rule 8: Never have loaded firearms in the car, home or camp 15
Rule 9: Never fire at hard surfaces or water 16
Rule 10: Don’t climb fences or obstacles with loaded firearms 16

nbnbren

十大基本规则
规则1：把每一支枪当成装载了子弹状态
规则2：总是把枪支朝向安全的方向
规则3：只有当准备射击时，才安装子弹
规则4：确定你的目标毫无疑问
规则5：检查发射区
规则6：安全地储存枪支，弹药。
规则7：持枪时，避免喝酒和吃毒品
规则8：永远不要在汽车，家庭或营地，放置装好子弹的枪支
规则9：永远不要朝硬表面或水面开火。
规则10：持有装好子弹的枪支，不要攀爬栅栏或障碍物  

nbnbren

Rule 1: Treat every firearm as loaded
? Keep your finger off the trigger; always point the muzzle in a safe direction;
open the action and inspect the chamber and magazine.
? Do not take anyone’s word that a firearm is unloaded. Check every firearm
yourself. Only pass or accept a firearm that has the muzzle pointed in a safe
direction;the action open; and is not loaded.
? If you do not know how to open a firearm, leave it alone. Keep clear of the muzzle.
? If it is someone else’s, ask them to show you that it is empty.
Figure 1: A firearm must be open and empty before you pass it to or accept it from anyone.


规则1：把每一支枪当成装载了子弹状态
?手指离开扳机;枪口始终指向枪口安全的方向;打开枪机和检查枪膛和弹夹。
?不要相信任何人，说：枪里没子弹那样的话。 自己亲自检查每个枪支。只有枪口指向安全方向;枪栓打开;并且不加载子弹，才能传递和接受枪支。
?如果你不知道如何打开枪支，远离枪支，远离枪口。
?如果枪是别人的，请他们向你显示枪是空的。
图示：在传递和接受前，必须枪栓打开并且是空的。

nbnbren

Rule 2: Always point firearms in a safe direction
Loaded or unloaded, always point the muzzle in a safe direction.
? A safe direction will depend on where you are.Remember that bullets can go through
  walls and ceilings and they can ricochet against flat or hard surfaces.
? Never point a firearm at anyone or at yourself.
? Keep focussed when handling firearms
? To avoid unintentional firing or damage, firearms should never be leant against vehicles
or any place where they could slide or fall.
? Always be particularly careful when placing firearms in,or removing them from, vehicles, boats or storage. The
muzzle should be pointed away from you (and anyone else nearby) and your finger should be off the trigger.
Be aware that firearms can go off unintentionally when:
? Closing the action
? Releasing the safety catch   
? Uncocking                  
? Or opening a loaded firearm



规则2：总是把枪支朝向安全的方向
不管装没装子弹，总是把枪口朝向安全方向。
·安全朝向要根据你的位置。记住：子弹能够穿透墙壁和天花板，碰上地板和硬的表面也会反弹。
·永远不要把枪支对着自己和别人。
·操纵枪支时，要集中注意力
·为了避免意外的走火或者损伤，枪支不要斜靠在汽车等任何容易滑倒的地方。
·在汽车，船，储存箱里放置，提取枪支时候，，总是要万分小心。枪口不能朝向别人或者自己，手指必须离开扳机。
必须明白，枪支会在以下情况意外走火：·合上了枪栓 ·  打开了抢保险栓  ···非待发状态 。。。

nbnbren

? Uncocking  
问一下大虾们，这是一个什么状态？

nbnbren

drug是毒品，还是药品？

remington

nbnbren 发表于 2014-12-2 23:26
? Uncocking  
问一下大虾们，这是一个什么状态？

退鏜

remington

nbnbren 发表于 2014-12-2 23:28
drug是毒品，还是药品？

藥物

iami_returns

nbnbren 发表于 2014-12-3 00:26
? Uncocking  
问一下大虾们，这是一个什么状态？

就是不上女人的意思

sydney22

nbnbren 发表于 2014-12-3 00:20
十大基本规则
规则1：把每一支枪当成装载了子弹状态
规则2：总是把枪支朝向安全的方向

为什么不可以朝水面开枪？

iami_returns

sydney22 发表于 2014-12-3 08:57
为什么不可以朝水面开枪？

没玩过打水漂？

sydney22

iami_returns 发表于 2014-12-3 09:01
没玩过打水漂？

子弹会从水面上跳起吗？不信

slicendice

nbnbren 发表于 2014-12-2 23:26
? Uncocking  
问一下大虾们，这是一个什么状态？

退枪栓吧

remington

uncocking = remove the bolt..... 中文不知道

sydney22

iami_returns 发表于 2014-12-3 09:01
没玩过打水漂？

[yt]v1uaLWAZXfk[/yt]

Tacticool

sydney22 发表于 2014-12-3 08:04
子弹会从水面上跳起吗？不信

我打.22试过在水面反弹，百来米的距离。Centrefire估计不容易，除非很远的距离。

sydney22

Tacticool 发表于 2014-12-3 10:52
我打.22试过在水面反弹，百来米的距离。Centrefire估计不容易，除非很远的距离。 ...

视频后面是在游泳池以23度射击的

nbnbren

各位大虾，一一谢过~~
没怎么玩过枪，对术语不是很懂，有错误之处，望能指正，谢谢

nbnbren

Rule 3: Load a firearm only when ready to fire
Only load a firearm when you intend to use it, and only in an area where it can be safely and legally discharged.
Remember to unload it when you have used it.

? Only load your ammunition into the magazine when you have reached your shooting area. (The firearm is
then carried with the bolt or action closed on an empty chamber. The rounds (i.e., ammunition) are readily
available from the magazine and it only takes a second to open the action and feed a round into the chamber.)
? Do not load the chamber until you are ready to shoot.

? Unload the chamber when not firing a shot (Put the round back in the magazine and close the bolt on an empty chamber.)
? Unload completely – no rounds in the magazine or chamber – before leaving a shooting area or entering a hut or camp. Double check.


Self loading shotguns and rifles Because it is not practical to apply this rule to self
loading shotguns and rifles, it is recommended that when you acquire your target you load the firearm and
place the previously tested safety catch on ‘safe’. If you have released the safety catch and then decide not
to shoot, re-apply the safety catch. Whenever a round is in the chamber you must be absolutely sure that the
muzzle is pointing in a safe direction. Test the safety catchbefore loading any rounds into the chamber. If you have
any doubt about the safety catch don’t trust it. Have it inspected by a gunsmith.


Note: No matter what type of firearm you use, you should be cautious when using the safety catch. In most cases they
lock the trigger or the bolt but, like all mechanical things, they are subject to wear衣and tear and may not work properly.
The safety catch is only one of several safety precautions you should use when handling firearms.
* A safety catch only supplements safe handling.

Figure 2: The cartridge must be removed when not firing a shot.


规则3：只有当准备射击时，才安装子弹
只能在想开枪的时候才装弹，只能在安全和合法区域才能开枪，用过以后记得卸枪。

·只有到达射击区域才能把子弹装进弹匣。.然后枪支把枪击或枪栓在空枪膛中，子弹在弹匣中待用，
只需要几秒中打开枪机，子弹就能进入枪膛)
·准备射击前，不要装子弹上膛
·不射击的时候，不要让子弹上膛（把子弹押回弹匣，把枪栓放在空枪膛中）
·离开射击区域进入营地或者临时营地时候，彻底卸载---弹匣和枪膛里面都没有子弹，检查2次
注意：不管使用哪种枪支，必须小心使用枪保险。很多情况下它们锁住扳机或者枪栓，但是就像很多机械一样，他们也会老化   磨损，也会不正常。
枪保险只是安全预防的方法之一。
#枪保险也只是对安全的使用的补充。

nbnbren

Self loading shotguns and rifles Because it is not practical to apply this rule to self
loading shotguns and rifles, it is recommended that when you acquire your target you load the firearm and place the previously tested safety catch on ‘safe’. If you have released the safety catch and then decide not to shoot, re-apply the safety catch. Whenever a round is in the chamber you must be absolutely sure that the
muzzle is pointing in a safe direction. Test the safety catchbefore loading any rounds into the chamber. If you have
any doubt about the safety catch don’t trust it. Have it inspected by a gunsmith.


这段对我来说太难，哪位大虾方便的话帮帮忙，谢谢

iami_returns

slicendice 发表于 2014-12-3 09:15
退枪栓吧

就是把举起来cock放下去，cook 不举就是uncocking, 所以中文最接近的词叫“不举”.

nbnbren

Rule 4: Identify your target and what is behind it
? You must positively identify your target beyond all doubt before firing. If in doubt, don’t shoot!
The shooter,and anyone supervising an unlicensed shooter, must both positively identify the target.
? Make absolutely certain that the movement, colour,sound and shape of your target is identified correctly.
? Identify the whole animal
? Do not fire at movement only
? Do not fire at colour only
? Do not fire at sound only
? Do not fire at shape only
Target identification issues
When a hunter is tired, or excited about sighting game animals, emotions may override rational thinking
Perception  can play tricks and you may ‘see’ what you expect to see.
Objects – often people – look like game animals. There could be other hunters nearby. They may make
noises imitating the calls of game. Even the definite sighting of skin and antlers is not positive enough –
hunters have been shot while carrying a deer.

规则4：确定你的目标毫无疑问，是否有什么藏在后面
·必须毫无疑问的正确辨别目标以后才能开枪。如果有疑问，不能开枪。
射手，或者监管没有执照的射手的人，必须同时正确鉴别目标。
必须万分确保你的目标的运动，颜色，声音和形状，鉴别万无一失。
辨别整个动物，只看运动，不能开枪，只看颜色，不能开枪，只听声音，不能开枪，只看外型，不能开枪。
目标鉴别问题
当猎人累了，或者比较激动的时候看到猎物，情绪会颠覆理性思维，知觉会被迷惑，你可能会“看到”你想看到的东西，目标（往往是个人），看起来像猎物。
也可能是附近的其他猎人，他们模范猎物的叫声。甚至确定看到了皮肤和鹿角也不一定正确，猎人扛运鹿的时候会被射击。


BEFORE you shoot! Ask yourself: “Is this a person?”
This will focus your mind toward expecting to see a person, rather than assuming it is an animal.
Keep your finger away from the trigger until you are ABSOLUTELY CERTAIN it is safe to fire.
Bright coloured clothing and gear can help you to be seen, especially in dim or fading light such as that in the early
morning, late evening or under the cover of bush. However,no one colour will be easily seen at all times of the day
and in all surroundings. Wear a colour that stands out from the background you are shooting in, and is different from
any game animals in that area. While this may minimise your risk of being shot, it will only do so if other hunters
properly identify their targets. Blaze orange is the recommended colour for all field shooting.Hunters should use binocular vision, rather than rifle telescopic sights only, to identify their target. If using binoculars or telescopic sights, beware of the ‘tunnel vision’ which limits your field of view. Sweep the telescope or binoculars from side to side to ensure no person is close to your field of fire.
Remember – it is ALWAYS the responsibility of the shooter to clearly identify the target.
This is regardless of whatever strategies other  hunters may or may not use to be seen.

Figure 3: Positively identify your target beyond all doubt. Other hunters may
be wearing clothing that blends with the surroundings so – Do not fire at
movement. Do not fire at colour. Do not fire at shape. Do not fire at sound.

在射击前，问一下自己“目标是不是人？” 这将集中你的注意，期望看到是一个人，而不是假设它是一个动物。在万分却把可以安全射击以前手指要离开扳机。
亮丽的衣服和工具，能帮助你能容易被别人看见，特别是在昏暗的光线下，比如早上，黄昏，或者在丛林中。然而，没有一种颜色在所有时间和所有环境下很容易被发现。穿一件同射击区域环境和猎物反差比较大的服装，可以使得你被误击的风险降到最低。只有这样做，才会使其他猎人能正确判别他们的目标。亮橙色是所有射击场合都推荐的颜色。对于鉴别目标，猎人也需要双眼观察，不仅仅是使用步枪瞄准镜。如果使用双筒望远镜或瞄准镜，提防“坑道视角”，这限制了你的视野的。观察一下望远镜或瞄准镜的两边，以确保没有人接近你的射击现场。
记住 - 它始终是射手清楚地识别目标的责任。
this is regardless of whatever strategies other  hunters may or may not use to be seen.


图3：正确识别毋庸置疑你的目标。其他猎人可能穿着衣服，与周围的环境融为一体等 -Do not fire at colour. Do not fire at shape. Do not fire at sound.

nbnbren

this is regardless of whatever strategies other  hunters may or may not use to be seen.

这句又怎么翻译比较好？

iami_returns

sydney22 发表于 2014-12-3 10:30

没时间看视瓶。
他们试验了几个角度？

nbnbren

sydney22 发表于 2014-12-3 09:04
子弹会从水面上跳起吗？不信

Rule 9: Never fire at hard surfaces or water
Consider the area in which you are shooting. Could a ricochet occur? A ricochet will almost certainly occur from shooting at water or smooth flat surfaces and rocks.
? Remember that when a ricochet occurs you have lost control of where the projectile will finish up,
resulting in possible injury to another person or damage to property.
? Be especially careful when shooting with an air rifle due to the slow velocity of pellets they fire. They are very
prone to ricochet and should be treated with the utmost极 of caution.
? Rimfire and centrefire bullets are prone to ricochet as they lose velocity at the end of their travel.
规则9：永远不要朝硬表面或水面开火。
考虑一下你射击的地方会不会发生跳弹？射击水面，光滑表面和岩石，几乎肯定会发生跳弹。
.记住你无法控制跳弹会落在何处，从而有可能伤害别人或者毁坏财产。
。特别小心，气枪由于使用速度慢的弹丸。他们是非常容易跳弹，应极为谨慎的对待。
。来复枪的弹头在飞到极限距离失速的时候，也容易跳弹。


大概这是总规则，要考虑各种情况，我想如果弹头动能不大以后，就容易跳弹了

nbnbren

Rule 5: Check your firing zone
Be aware of what is between you and your target, and in the area beyond your target.
Ask yourself: “What could happen if I miss my target?”
Extreme range for projectiles may be as much as:
.22 rimfire  1.5 kilometres
.308 calibre 4.5 kilometres
Airgun up to 400 metres
Shotgun from 250 metres to 750 metres
(Depending on the type of shot)
Sights need to be correctly aligned to prevent rounds falling short or going far beyond the target.

Figure 4: When firing a shotgun, be aware that the spread of the shot may endanger something other than the target.
Safety points
? Never fire when companions are ahead of you, especially when you have lost sight of them.
? Never shoot when stock, human activity or buildings are in the area.
? It is unsafe to shoot at a target on the skyline. Remember that many hunting areas have rural and urban developments close by.
? Night shooting can be dangerous, especially if using telescopic sights, so only shoot at night if you are certain
it is safe to do so. Spotlights light up only a small part of the firing zone and the projectile’s range.
规则5：检查发射区
要清楚在你和目标之间，超过目标的地方有什么东西，问一下自己“如果没有打中目标会发生什么？”
弹头可大的极范围：
0.22 rimfire 1.5公里
.308口径     4.5公里
气枪高达米至400米
猎枪250米到750米
（根据不同的射击类型）
瞄准器需要正确的调整，防止子弹离目标太近或者太远。
图示4：打猎枪的时候，要知道弹头会四散开来，也许会伤害目标四周的东西。
安全提示;
.同伴在你前面，特别是看不见的时候，千万不要开枪。
。有活动的家畜，人或者建筑物在射击区域，千万不能开枪。
。射击地平线上的目标，不是很安全。Remember that many hunting areas have rural and urban developments close by
。夜间射击会有危险，特别是使用夜视镜。如果确保安全才能夜间射击。聚光灯只能照亮射击区域和弹体落地的一小部分地方

nbnbren

Telescopic sights restrict your field of view
? Use extra care when shooting at a moving target, particularly with telescopic sights, because your field
of view is restricted/limited and changes rapidly. There is a greater danger of someone moving into your firing zone without you noticing.
? When shooting near thick bush or scrub you may not be able to see your whole firing zone.
? A charge of shot from a shotgun is very wide, particularly at longer ranges.
? Ricochets can be caused by any flat or hard surfaces
– rocks, snow, trees and even water. Be especially careful in rocky river beds.

Figure 5: A hard, flat surface, stones or water, may cause a ricochet.
Firing zones
Your firing zone changes rapidly when you follow a moving target with a firearm. As you swing the muzzle
around in an arc be aware of the position of other hunters. Make sure they are not caught in the path between your
firearm and the target, or beyond the target. This applies particularly when shooting with shotguns. Duck shooters
sharing a hide can drive vertical poles into the ground to prevent an ‘over- swing’ endangering a companion.

瞄准镜限制你的视野
?当射击移动目标时，特别是使用瞄准镜要格外小心，因为你的视野是受限/有限的，而且迅速变化。有人在你不注意的时候走到你的发射区，更具危险。
?当射击时，附近有茂密的灌木丛，你可能无法看到你的整个发射区。
?猎枪弹体范围很广，特别是在较长的范围的射击。
?跳弹可由任何平坦或硬表面而引起- 岩石，雪，树木，甚至水。要特别小心的岩石河床。
图5：在坚硬，平坦的表面，石头或水，可能会导致跳弹。
射击区
当你用枪瞄准移动目标时，射击区域变化很快。。当你弧形摇摆枪口时候要知道其他猎人的位置。确保他们不在你和目标之间，或者超过目标的路上。
这尤其适用猎枪射击的时候。猎鸭射手共享隐藏地方，垂直杆插到地面，以防止枪口“过度摇摆'危害同伴。

nbnbren

Rule 6: Store firearms and ammunition safely
You are required by law to have a safe and secure place to store your firearms. All firearms and ammunition should
be stored separately, out of the reach of children, out of view and in an approved cabinet.
A complete firearm is dangerous in the wrong hands,so lock away your unloaded firearm and ammunition separately.
Do this immediately when you return to camp or home from shooting.Securing firearms out of sight will help prevent removal by thieves.
For legal requirements in relation to transportation of firearms and ammunition, see pages 34 and 35.

secure坚固，安心
规则6：安全地储存枪支，弹药。
根据法律，需要有安全和坚固的地方存储枪支。枪支和弹药要分开防止，远离儿童接触，看不见的地方和一个批准的箱子。一个完整的枪支在错误的手里是危险的，
因此，分开藏好下堂的枪支和弹药，当不再射击回到营地或者家里，必须马上这样做。确保枪支放在看不见地方有助于防止小偷拿走。有关枪支弹药运输的法律要求，请看34。35页。

Firearms Storage
The Firearms Act 1996 (Schedule 4) provides for storage standards for firearms and ammunition. The following is a brief
summary of the storage requirements which you must be able to satisfy.
Storage Requirements (for Category A + B Firearms)
? Hard wood or steel container - not easy to penetrate.
? If the container weighs less than 150kg when empty, it must be securely fixed to the floor or wall frame.
? When a firearm is in the container, the container MUST be locked with a lock of sturdy construction.
? The premises must be fitted with an ‘intruder alarm system’ if more than 15 firearms are stored on the premises. ‘Intruder
alarm system’ means an alarm system which is installed, maintained and operated in accordance with Australian
Standard 2201.1.2007 (as amended from time to time) and which, in the event of an intrusion, activates an audible alarm
warning device and an external visible alarm warning light.
? Ammunition must be stored in a separate locked container (not within the firearm) unless the receptacle is purpose built
to store ammunition separately from the firearms.
? All Victorian Licence holders should when travelling interstate, check with that states Police

All family members, especially children, need to know what a firearm is, what it is designed for, and why it must
not be touched. It is essential 根本的，必需的；that children realise that firearms are not playthings and must be treated with
caution and respect. Children should be taught not to touch a firearm without an adult present, and if they find
a firearm to seek the assistance of an adult.

Figure 6: Securing firearms enhances family and community safety.

枪支储藏
枪支法1996年（附表4）提供存储枪支和弹药的标准。以下是一个简要的存储要求，你必须要满足。存储要求（A类+ B类）
。不容易穿透的硬木或者铁容器
。如果空容器小于150公斤，必须牢固的固定在地板和墙壁上
。当枪支在容器里面的时候，容器必须有牢固的锁锁好。
。场所必须配备一个“防盗报警系统”，如果超过15枪支存放在该处。 “入侵者报警系统“是指被安装，维护和按照澳大利亚操作的警报系统
标准2201.1.2007（修订不时），并且，在一个入侵的事件，激活一个音响报警，警报装置和一个外部可见报警警告灯。
所有家庭成员，特别是儿童，需要知道什么是枪支，设计它是为什么，为什么它必须不能触摸。这是必须的：要孩子们认识到，枪支不是玩具，并且必须小心翼翼。应该教育孩子们，没有成年人在场，不能接触枪支。如果他们发现了枪支，应该寻求大人的帮助。

图示6：安全的枪支增强家庭和社区的安全。

nbnbren

Rule 7: Avoid alcohol or drugs prior to and while handling firearms
When handling a firearm you must be able to think clearly.Alcohol and drugs (even those prescribed) dull and slow
your mental and physical reactions反应. Alcohol and Firearms do not mix! Ever!
? Wait until your firearm has been safely locked away before you consume alcohol.
? Do not shoot with others who are, or have been, drinking alcohol or taking drugs.


规则7：不要在持枪时和前，饮酒和使用毒品（药品）。
只有在神志清楚的时候持枪。酒精和药品（甚至那些规定的）使你的精神和肉体呆滞，反应缓慢。酒精和枪支永远，千万不要混合。
。等到枪支安全锁好以后才喝酒
。千万不要和喝过酒的正在喝酒或吃药的人一起射击