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本帖最后由 chrisfz 于 2018-4-23 19:30 编辑
今天偶然看到这个去年的帖子 https://www.oursteps.com.au/bbs/ ... =1320124&page=1
发现很多人对养老金 age pension的居住要求解读的依然很模糊。下面我来尝试解读一下，欢迎大家指正。
首先，age pension以及一切相关的信息都是写在social security act 1991 (以下简称ssa) 这部法律中的 (老一点的那部法律叫social services act 1954)，它与centrelink的关系就类似于移民局和移民法之间的关系。
那么ssa中对 age pension关于居住的要求是这么说的：
The person has 10 years qualifying Australian residence;
那么什么是qualifying Australian residence? ssa 的section 7 给出了详细解释. 要满足10年的qualifying Australian residence 需要满足 (a) 或 (b)
(a) the person has, at any time, been an Australian resident for a continuous period of not less than 10 years; or
(b) the person has been an Australian resident during more than one period and:
(i) at least one of those periods is 5 years or more; and
(ii) the aggregate of those periods exceeds 10 years.
(a)的意思是连续10年成为Australian resident。 (注意，不是待在澳洲10年。请务必区分)
(b)的意思是累计10年成为Australian resident, 并且其中有至少连续5年成为Australian resident.
大部分人的误区就在这里。其实centrelink的官网解释也非常模糊，只提到了(b)。 事实上他们是懒省事，因为满足(a)的人必然满足了(b)。 下面更大的问题来了，什么是Australian resident?
Section 7(2)对Australian resident 的解释是：
(2) An Australian resident is a person who:
(a) resides in Australia; and
(b) is one of the following:
(i) an Australian citizen;
(ii) the holder of a permanent visa;
(iii) a special category visa holder who is a protected SCV holder.
这里7(2)(b)很好理解，无非就是pr, 公民或者和我们基本无关的新西兰人。问题就出在了7(2)(a)， 何谓 resides in Australia?
这个定义ssa没有明确的解释，全靠各位大大的解读。 那么centrelink的解读是这样的：
Residing
Residing in Australia means you are living in Australia on a permanent basis.
继而给出了permanent basis 的解读是：
Living in Australia permanently
Permanently means you normally live in Australia on a long-term basis. Holidays or short trips outside Australia would not affect this.
If you are living in Australia permanently, you are a person who 'resides' in Australia. This means that your usual home is in Australia. This is established by looking at your ties to Australia, and any other country, to determine on balance to which country you have greater ties. In order to do this many factors can be used while no single factor should be taken as conclusive evidence. These factors are:
the nature of the accommodation used by you in Australia
the nature and extent of the family relationships you have in Australia
the nature and extent of your employment, business or financial ties in Australia
the nature and extent of your assets located in Australia
the frequency and duration of your travel outside Australia
any other matter relevant in determining if you intend to remain permanently in Australia
至此。整个qualifying Australian residence的解读算是结束了。总结如下：
1. 养老金对居住的要求不是10年哪也不能去，度假出国都是可以的。只要可以证明澳洲是你的家，你和澳洲有千丝万缕的联系。一般我们说每年2个月左右都是无须解释的绝对安全度假时间。
2. 即使在国外的时间过久，但是只要可以通过这些方面解释自己的家就是在澳洲，依然可以满足要求。
之前有朋友贴出来过这个case http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/SocSecRpr/1981/28.pdf 有兴趣的可以看下法官的解释.
2018年7月的新政对143签证影响不大，但是一个重大前提就是在这10年不要领其他福利超过5年，任何需要收入要求测试的福利都计算在内。对于想拿养老金的朋友不要因小失大。
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更新：跳槽。在家十年，重回职场。 (2021-8-18) zhangxiaoli 
发表于 2018-4-23 19:26
