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Toxins
Some kinds of raw beans, especially red and kidney beans, contain a harmful toxin (lectin phytohaemagglutinin) that must be removed by cooking. A recommended method is to boil the beans for at least ten minutes; undercooked beans may be more toxic than raw beans.[10] Cooking beans in a slow cooker, because of the lower temperatures often used, may not destroy toxins even though the beans do not smell or taste 'bad'[10] (though this should not be a problem if the food reaches boiling temperature and stays there for some time).
Phytohaemagglutinin
Legume lectin domain
Phytohemagglutinin L.png
Crystal structure of PHA-L (PDB 1fat[1])
Identifiers
Symbol Lectin_legB
Pfam PF00139
Pfam clan CL0004
InterPro IPR001220
PROSITE PDOC00278
SCOP 1lem
SUPERFAMILY 1lem
[show]Available protein structures:
Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA, or phytohemagglutinin) is a lectin found in plants, especially legumes. PHA actually consists of two closely related proteins, called leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) and PHA-E. The letters E and L indicate these proteins agglutinate Erythrocytes and Leukocytes. Phytohaemagglutinin has carbohydrate-binding specificity for a complex oligosaccharide containing galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, and mannose.[2]
It is found in the highest concentrations in uncooked red kidney beans and white kidney beans (also known as cannellini),[3] and it is also found in lower quantities in many other types of green beans and other common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), as well as broad beans (Vicia faba) such as fava beans.[4] It has a number of physiological effects and is used in medical research. In high doses, it is a toxin.
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参加活动: 依达看张 (2013-3-15) ayeeda 
天使之夜 (2005-7-24) 闲过信陵饮 
发表于 2015-9-14 19:52
