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刚看到Wiki上其实有个中文词源的英文词的列表
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lis ... s_of_Chinese_origin
值得一提的是brainwashing是从中文来的,真没想到。但其他词大多冷僻,很少用到。考虑到中国和英语世界的交流在近两个世纪内其实非常有限,我觉得从中文进入英语的词应该不大可能占到5-20%的比例。
B
Brainwashing
洗脑,罢官 Etymology: translation of Chinese (Beijing) Date: 1950 1 : a forcible indoctrination to induce someone to give up basic political, social, or religious beliefs and attitudes and to accept contrasting regimented ideas 2 : persuasion by propaganda or salesmanship
–brainwash transitive verb
–brainwash noun
–brainwasher noun
Brainwashing is translated from Chinese literally, word by word. 脑 means brain, 洗 means wash. The word had then been put together in the English language way--Brainwashing.
Bok choy
(Cantonese) 白菜 (baakchoi), a Chinese cabbage: literally 'white vegetable'
[edit] C
Char
colloquial English word for 'tea', originally from Chinese 茶 (Mandarin chá).
Cheongsam
from Cantonese 長衫 (cheungsaam), lit. long clothes.
China
via Latin from the name of the Ch'in Dynasty 秦
Chop chop
from Cantonese chuk chuk 速速, lit. hurry, urgent
Chopsticks
from Chinese Pidgin English chop chop.
Chop suey
from Cantonese 雜碎 (tzapseui), lit. mixed pieces
Chow
from Chinese Pidgin English chowchow which means food, perhaps based on Cantonese 炒, lit. stir fry (cooking)
Chow chow
any of a breed of heavy-coated blocky dogs of Chinese origin
Chow mein
from Taishanese 炒麵 (chau meing), lit. stir fried noodle, when the first Chinese immigrants, from Taishan came to the United States.
Confucianism
from Confucius, Latinized form of 孔夫子 (kǒng fūzǐ) 'Master Kong'
Cumshaw
from Amoy 感謝, feeling gratitude
[edit] D
Dalai Lama
the lama who is the chief spiritual adviser of the Dalai Lama. 班禅喇嘛-- Dalai Lama Etymology -- Panchen from Chinese (Beijing) b*nch*n Date-- 1794. The word Lama (Tibetan Blama) is used in an English translation of Martini’s Conquest of China in 1654; Dalai-lama in 1698.
Dim sum and Dim sim
from Cantonese 點心 (dimsam), lit. little heart
[edit] F
Fan-tan
from Cantonese 番攤 (fāntān), lit. (take) turns scattering
Feng shui
from feng, wind and shui, water 風水
Foo dog
from Mandarin 佛 fó Buddha (from their use as guardians of Buddhist temples)
[edit] G
Ginkgo
mistransliteration of 銀杏 in Japanese
Ginseng
from Mandarin 人參 (renshen), name of the plant. Some say the word came via Japanese (same kanji), although 人参 now means 'carrot' in Japanese; ginseng is 朝鮮人参 ('Korean carrot').
Go
From the Japanese name igo 囲碁 of the Chinese board game. Chinese 围棋, Mandarin: Weiqi.
Gung-ho
from Mandarin 工合, short for 工業合作社
Gyoza
Japanese ギョーザ, gairaigo from Chinese 餃子 (Mandarin: Jiaozi), stuffed dumpling. Gyoza refers to the style found in Japan.
[edit] H
Hoisin (sauce)
from Cantonese 海鮮 (hoísin), lit. seafood
[edit] K
Kanji
Japanese name for Chinese characters: 漢字, lit. Chinese characters. Chinese: Hàn zì.
Kaolin
from 高嶺, lit. high mountain peak, the name of a village or suburb of Jingde Town, in Jiangxi Province, that was the site of a mine from which kaolin clay (高嶺土 gāo lǐng tǔ) was taken to make the fine porcelain produced in Jingde. See http://kepu.jsinfo.gov.cn/big5/mineral/sight/sgh516.html (accessed on 10 March 2008).
Keemun
kind of tea, 祁門 Mandarin qímén
Ketchup
possibly from Cantonese or Amoy 茄汁, lit. tomato sauce/juice
Koan
Japanese 公案 kōan, from Chinese 公案 (Mandarin gōng'àn), lit. public record
Kowtow
from Cantonese 叩頭 (Mandarin, kòu tóu) , lit. knock head
Kumquat or cumquat
from Cantonese name of the fruit 柑橘 (Gamgwat)
Kung fu
the English term to collectively describe Chinese martial arts; from Cantonese 功夫 (Gongfu), lit. efforts
[edit] L
Lo mein
from Cantonese 撈麵 (lòu-mihn), lit. scooped noodle
Longan
from Cantonese 龍眼, name of the fruit
Loquat
from Cantonese 蘆橘, old name of the fruit
Lychee
from Cantonese 荔枝 (laitzi), name of the fruit
[edit] M
Mao-tai or moutai
from Mandarin 茅台酒 (máotái jiǔ), liquor from Maotai (Guizhou province)
Mahjong
from Cantonese 麻將 (mah-jeung), lit. the mahjong game
Mu shu (pork)
from Mandarin 木須 (mùxū), lit. wood shredded
[edit] N
Nankeen
Chinese, from Chinese, a durable cotton, buff-colored cloth originally made in 南京 (Nán Jīng).
Nunchaku
Okinawan Japanese, from Min (Taiwan/Fujian) 雙節棍, lit. double jointed sticks
[edit] O
Oolong
from Amoy 烏龍, lit. dark dragon
[edit] P
Paigow
from Cantonese 排九, a gambling game
Pekin: from southern Mandarin 北京, a patterned silk cloth
Pinyin
from Mandarin 拼音, lit. put together sounds
Pekoe
from Amoy 白毫, lit. white downy hair
[edit] Q
Qi
from Mandarin 氣 (qì), air
Qipao
from 旗袍 (qípáo), female traditional Chinese clothing (male version: cheongsam)
[edit] R
Ramen
Japanese ラーメン, gairaigo, from Chinese 拉麵 (Lamian) lit. pulled noodle. Ramen refers to a particular style flavored to Japanese taste and is somewhat different from Chinese lamian.
[edit] S
Sampan
from Cantonese 舢舨, the name of such vessel.
shanghai
from Chinese city Shanghai, to put someone aboard a ship by trickery or intoxication; to put someone in a bad situation or press someone into work by trickery. From an old practice of using this method to acquire sailors for voyages to Shanghai.
shantung
from Mandarin 山東,"shantung" (or sometimes "Shantung") is a wild silk fabric made from the silk of wild silkworms and is usually undyed.
Shaolin
from Mandarin 少林, One of the most important Kungfu clans.
Shar Pei
from Cantonese 沙皮, lit. sand skin.
Shih Tzu
from Mandarin 獅子狗, lit. Chinese lion dog
Shogun
Japanese 将軍, from Chinese 將軍, lit. general (of) military. The full title in Japanese was Seii Taishōgun (征夷大将軍), "generalissimo who overcomes the barbarians"
Sifu
from Cantonese 师傅, (Mandarin shīfu), master.
Silk
possibly from 'si' 絲, lit. silk
Souchong
from Cantonese 小種茶 (siúchúng ch'ā), lit. small kind tea
Soy
From Japanese shoyu 醤油, Chinese 醬油, (Mandarin jiàngyóu).
[edit] T
Tai Chi
from Mandarin 太極
Tai-Pan
from Cantonese 大班 (daaibaan), lit. big rank (similar to big shot)
Tangram
from Chinese Tang (唐) + English gram
Tao and Taoism
(also Dao/Daoism) from Mandarin 道 dào
Tea
from Amoy 茶
Tofu
Japanese 豆腐, lit. bean rot. from Chinese 豆腐 (Mandarin dòufu).
Tong
from Cantonese 堂
tung oil
from Chinese 桐油 tóng yóu, oil expressed from nuts of the tong tree
Tycoon
via Japanese 大官, lit. high official; or 大君, lit. great nobleman
Typhoon
颱風 not to be confused with the monster typhon. See also other possible Arabic origin.[citation needed]
[edit] W
Wok
from Cantonese 鑊
Won ton
from Cantonese 雲吞 , lit. 'cloud swallow' as a description of its shape, similar to Mandarin 餛飩
Wushu
from Mandarin 武術, lit. martial arts
Wuxia
from Mandarin 武侠 , lit. martial arts and chivalrous
[edit] Y
Yamen
from Mandarin 衙門, lit. court
Yen (craving)
from Cantonese 癮, lit. addiction (to opium)
Yen (Japanese currency)
Japanese 円 en, from Chinese 圓 (Mandarin yuán), lit. round, name of currency unit
Yin Yang
陰陽 from Mandarin 'Yin' meaning feminine, dark and 'Yang' meaning masculine and bright
[edit] Z
Zen
Japanese 禅, from Chinese 禪 (Mandarin Chán), originally from Sanskrit Dhyāna / Pali jhāna. |
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