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It is important to only use the minimal amount of oxygen that the patient needs. Continual use of high concentrations can cause oxygen toxicity, or Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS).
As nitrogen is washed out of the patients system, this starts to allow the alveoli to collapse, this is called atelectasis.
Nitrogen helps to splint the alveoli open. High levels of oxygen act to wash this nitrogen out of the lungs and as the patient is not breathing room air, it cannot be replaced.
As more and more alveoli collapse, it becomes increasingly difficult to maintain adequate oxygenati
Signs and symptoms of ARDS include:
Burning in the chest
Sub sternal chest pain
Increasing dyspnoea and a dry cough
Paraesthesia in the upper extremities
Signs of pulmonary oedema
Decreased breath sounds in the lung bases
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