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转贴澳大利亚现行的《1948年公民法》及其1986年修正案第十条对这个问题的解答：
引用自http://www.comlaw.gov.au/ComLaw/ ... 93CCA25719900222A07
Australian Citizenship Act 1948
10 Citizenship by birth
(1) Subject to this section, a person born in Australia after the commencement of this Act shall be an Australian citizen.
(2) Subject to subsection (3), a person born in Australia after the commencement of the Australian Citizenship Amendment Act 1986 shall be an Australian citizen by virtue of that birth if and only if:
(a) a parent of the person was, at the time of the person’s birth, an Australian citizen or a permanent resident; or
(b) the person has, throughout the period of 10 years commencing on the day on which the person was born, been ordinarily resident in Australia.
(3) Subject to subsection (5), a person shall not be an Australian citizen by virtue of this section if, at the time of the person’s birth, a parent of the person was an enemy alien and the birth occurred in a place then under occupation by the enemy.
(5) Subsection (3) does not apply in relation to a person if, at the time of the person’s birth, a parent of the person:
(a) was an Australian citizen or a permanent resident; and
(b) was not an enemy alien.
(6) A reference in this section to a permanent resident does not include a reference to a person who is, for the purposes of the Migration Act 1958, an exempt non‑citizen.
就是1986修正案生效以后，一般情况下，在澳大利亚境内出生的孩子父母任何一方为澳洲公民或者PR，那么这个孩子因出生关系而自动获得澳大利亚国籍。
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