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senn 发表于 2019-3-15 09:14 
墨爾本是我在澳洲最不喜歡的地方
環境差，氣候也差
去幾次討厭幾次
Melbourne is an international cultural centre and the city serves as Australia's cultural capital, with prominent offerings in the form of major events and festivals, drama, musicals, comedy, music, art, architecture, literature, film and television.[134] The climate, waterfront location and nightlife make it one of the most vibrant destinations in Australia. For seven years in a row (from 2011 to 2017) it held the top position in a survey by The Economist Intelligence Unit of the world's most liveable cities, partly due to its broad cultural offerings.[20] The city celebrates a wide variety of annual cultural events and festivals of all types, including Australia's largest free community festival—Moomba, the Melbourne International Arts Festival, Melbourne International Film Festival, Melbourne International Comedy Festival and the Melbourne Fringe Festival. The culture of the city is an important drawcard for tourists, of which 2.7 million international and 8.9 million domestic travellers arrived in 2017.[135][136]
Known for its bars, street art and coffee culture, the inner city's network of laneways and arcades is a popular cultural attraction.
Melbourne's rich and diverse literary history was recognised in 2008 when Melbourne City of Literature became the second UNESCO City of Literature. The State Library of Victoria is one of Australia's oldest cultural institutions and one of many public and university libraries across the city. Melbourne also has Australia's widest range of bookstores, as well the nation's largest publishing sector.[137] The city is home to significant writers' festivals, most notably the Melbourne Writers Festival. Several major literary prizes are open to local writers including the Melbourne Prize for Literature and the Victorian Premier's Literary Awards. Significant novels set in Melbourne include Fergus Hume's The Mystery of a Hansom Cab, Helen Garner's Monkey Grip and Christos Tsiolkas' The Slap. Notable writers and poets from Melbourne include Thomas Browne, C. J. Dennis, Germaine Greer and Peter Carey.
Melbourne's first theatre, the Pavilion, opened several years after the city's founding, in 1841. The East End Theatre District is home to a number of heritage-listed theatres dating from the Victorian era, including the Athenaeum Theatre, Her Majesty's Theatre, Princess Theatre and the Regent Theatre. The Melbourne Arts Precinct in Southbank is home to Arts Centre Melbourne, which includes the State Theatre, Hamer Hall, the Playhouse and the Fairfax Studio. The Melbourne Recital Centre and Southbank Theatre (principal home of the MTC, which includes the Sumner and Lawler performance spaces)[138] are also located in Southbank. The art deco Palais Theatre, a landmark of the St Kilda foreshore, is Australia's largest seated theatre with a capacity of up to 3,000 people.[139] Built in 1955 in Kings Domain, the Sidney Myer Music Bowl hosted the largest crowd ever for a music concert in Australia when an estimated 200,000 attendees saw Melbourne band The Seekers in 1967.[140]
The National Gallery of Victoria is the Southern Hemisphere's most visited art museum.
Established in 1861, the National Gallery of Victoria is Australia's oldest and largest public art museum, and the most visited museum in the Southern Hemisphere (19th globally).[141] The Heidelberg School art movement, also known as Australian Impressionism, grew out of Melbourne's rural suburbs in the 1880s. The Heide Museum of Modern Art is devoted largely to the Angry Penguins, a Melbourne art collective that pioneered Australian modernism in the 1940s. The city is also home to the Australian Centre for Contemporary Art. Melbourne is regarded as one of the world's major street art centres and [142] readers of Lonely Planet voted the city's street art and laneways as Australia's most popular cultural attraction.[143]
The national ballet company, the Australian Ballet is based in Melbourne, as are the state based companies, the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra, the Melbourne Theatre Company (MTC), and the Victorian Opera. Melbourne is also the second home of the national Opera Australia after it merged with the defunct Victoria State Opera in 1996.
The Story of the Kelly Gang, the world's first feature film, was shot in Melbourne in 1906.[144] Melbourne filmmakers continued to produce bushranger films until they were banned by Victorian politicians in 1912 for the perceived promotion of crime, thus contributing to the decline of one of the silent film era's most productive industries.[144] A notable film shot and set in Melbourne during Australia's cinematic lull is On the Beach (1959). The 1970s saw the rise of the Australian New Wave and its Ozploitation offshoot, instigated by Melbourne-based productions Stork and Alvin Purple. Picnic at Hanging Rock and Mad Max, both shot in and around Melbourne, achieved worldwide acclaim. 2004 saw the construction of Melbourne's largest film and television studio complex, Docklands Studios Melbourne, which has hosted many domestic productions, as well as international features.[145] Melbourne is also home to the headquarters of Village Roadshow Pictures, Australia's largest film production company. Famous modern day actors from Melbourne include Cate Blanchett, Rachel Griffiths, Chris Hemsworth,[146] Guy Pearce, Geoffrey Rush and Eric Bana.
Melbourne has been referred to as "the live music capital of the world", having more music venues per capita than any other city
墨尔本是一个国际文化中心，是澳大利亚的文化之都，以重大活动的形式提供出色的文化产品，包括节日庆典、戏剧，音乐剧，喜剧，音乐，艺术，建筑，文学，电影和电视等形式。独特的气候、海滨位置和多姿多彩的夜生活使其成为澳大利亚最具活力的旅游目的地之一。它连续七年（从2011年到2017年）在经济学人智库组织的的全球最宜居城市调查中墨尔本占据首位，其拔得头筹的很大一部分原因在于其广泛的文化产品。
墨尔本又各种各样的年度文化活动和各种类型的节日庆典，包括澳大利亚最大的免费社区节日-蒙巴节、墨尔本国际艺术节、墨尔本国际电影节、墨尔本国际喜剧节和墨尔本边缘艺术节。
墨尔本丰富多样的文学史在2008年得到认可，成为第二个联合国教科文组织命名的文学城市，维多利亚州立图书馆是澳大利亚最古老的文化机构之一，墨尔本还拥有澳大利亚最多而广泛的书店以及全澳最大的出版业。墨尔本是澳洲重要作家节日的举办地，最着名的是墨尔本作家节。几个主要的文学奖项向当地作家开放，包括墨尔本文学奖和维多利亚时代总理文学奖。
维多利亚国家美术馆是南半球最受欢迎的艺术博物馆。
维多利亚国家美术馆成立于1861年，是澳大利亚历史最悠久，规模最大的公共艺术博物馆，也是南半球访问量最大的博物馆（排名全球第19个）。
国家芭蕾舞团、澳大利亚芭蕾舞团，总部设在墨尔本，还有墨尔本交响乐团，墨尔本剧院公司（MTC）和维多利亚歌剧院。墨尔本也是1996年与已停业的维多利亚州歌剧院合并后，澳大利亚国家歌剧院的第二故乡。
世界上第一部故事片“凯利帮的故事”于1906年在墨尔本拍摄。
摘自维基百科：
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne#Culture
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